The prickly pear (Opuntia ficus-indica) belongs to the cactus family (Cactaceae) which includes over 300 species. It comes from Mexico. It was brought to Europe by the Spanish in 1523 and spread very quickly in the Mediterranean countries because of its delicious fruits. It is systematically cultivated in Mexico, Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia, Italy, Greece, Turkey, Malta, Israel and South Africa.
The prickly pear is a cactus-succulent, perennial and arboreal, which can reach 5 m in height.
The prickly pear is a xerophytic plant, without any particular soil requirements, and prefers dry climates and good exposure to sunlight. It grows even in sandy, stony, poor in organic matter, shallow, dry and arid soils, as long as they have good drainage. It also utilizes the atmospheric moisture which it absorbs and stores in its tissues. It has enough resistance to low temperatures since it can withstand up to -10°C. Its water requirements are limited mainly in winter, but during the flowering and summer period, a regular irrigation is recommended.
Diseases and enemies
The prickly pear is infested by the Mediterranean fly (Ceratitis capitata) on fruits that have been allowed to ripen sufficiently. Fruits are also eaten by mice and snails. Excess water in the soil and poor drainage cause root rot due to attack by fungal diseases.
Flowerpot 9 cm
